懸(xuan)臂(bei)(bei)支(zhi)(zhi)架常用(yong)于管道的(de)(de)承重或導向。此類(lei)支(zhi)(zhi)架是應用(yong)比較多的(de)(de)一種支(zhi)(zhi)架形(xing)式，支(zhi)(zhi)架的(de)(de)種類(lei)也比較多。按生(sheng)根(gen)條件分(fen)，可分(fen)為生(sheng)根(gen)在鋼結構梁柱上(shang)的(de)(de)懸(xuan)臂(bei)(bei)支(zhi)(zhi)架和(he)生(sheng)根(gen)在設備上(shang)的(de)(de)懸(xuan)臂(bei)(bei)支(zhi)(zhi)架兩(liang)種；按有無斜撐來(lai)分(fen)則(ze)分(fen)為懸(xuan)臂(bei)(bei)式和(he)三角式兩(liang)種；按支(zhi)(zhi)承的(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)來(lai)分(fen)則(ze)分(fen)為承重型(xing)和(he)導向型(xing)兩(liang)種；按懸(xuan)臂(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)數量來(lai)分(fen)則(ze)分(fen)為單(dan)肢型(xing)和(he)雙肢型(xing)兩(liang)種。
1. 在(zai)鋼結(jie)構梁柱(zhu)上生根的懸臂支架 此類(lei)支架常(chang)見(jian)類(lei)型如圖(tu)9-33所示。
圖(tu)9-33中共給出了A、B、C三種(zhong)形式。A型(xing)常用(yong)(yong)(yong)于支承(cheng)荷(he)載(zai)較小的情況，其(qi)長度L最大一般不宜(yi)超(chao)過600mm。B型(xing)、C型(xing)常用(yong)(yong)(yong)于支承(cheng)荷(he)載(zai)較大的情況，其(qi)長度L最大一般不宜(yi)超(chao)過1200mm。支架(jia)承(cheng)受的荷(he)載(zai)大小視所選用(yong)(yong)(yong)型(xing)鋼的規格(ge)和荷(he)載(zai)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)點到梁柱的距離(li)而定。
這類(lei)支架一般均(jun)用(yong)角鋼(gang)、槽鋼(gang)等做受力部件。它可與(yu)(yu)滑動(dong)管托(tuo)(tuo)、導(dao)向(xiang)(xiang)管托(tuo)(tuo)等配合使(shi)用(yong)，分別(bie)用(yong)于(yu)水平保溫管道(dao)的(de)承(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)和(he)導(dao)向(xiang)(xiang)，也可與(yu)(yu)固定管托(tuo)(tuo)、導(dao)向(xiang)(xiang)管托(tuo)(tuo)、管卡等配合使(shi)用(yong)，分別(bie)用(yong)于(yu)垂(chui)直保溫管道(dao)的(de)承(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)和(he)導(dao)向(xiang)(xiang)及光管的(de)承(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)（僅限于(yu)DN≤40mm的(de)情況）和(he)導(dao)向(xiang)(xiang)。
2. 在設備上生根的懸臂支架(jia) 此類(lei)支架(jia)常用于沿立式設備（如塔、罐等）上敷設的豎(shu)直管道的承(cheng)重和導(dao)向。常見的形式如圖9-34所(suo)示。
圖(tu)9-34中共給出了A、B、C、D四種(zhong)形式，它們(men)的(de)適用場合分述(shu)如下。
A型(xing)(xing)一般用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)DN≤150mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況下。它通過與管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)卡(ka)、固定(ding)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)、滑動管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)配(pei)合(he)，分別用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)光管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)承重(zhong)（帶支耳時(shi)(shi)）、光管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)導(dao)向、保(bao)(bao)(bao)溫管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)承重(zhong)和導(dao)向。當用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)承重(zhong)時(shi)(shi)，與管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)卡(ka)或(huo)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)配(pei)合(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)螺栓孔應(ying)(ying)為橫向橢圓形，以(yi)適(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道有少(shao)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)橫向位移(yi)(yi)。B型(xing)(xing)一般適(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子DN200mm～350mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況下，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)方法同(tong)A型(xing)(xing)。C型(xing)(xing)適(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)DN=400~600mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子承重(zhong)。當用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)溫管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子時(shi)(shi)，雙(shuang)肢(zhi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)距(ju)離應(ying)(ying)加大(da)一些，以(yi)適(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)隔熱厚度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要求。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子不保(bao)(bao)(bao)溫時(shi)(shi)，雙(shuang)肢(zhi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)距(ju)離應(ying)(ying)盡可(ke)能小。D型(xing)(xing)適(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)DN＝400mm~600mm 的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子導(dao)向。 當管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子有保(bao)(bao)(bao)溫時(shi)(shi)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子四周(zhou)應(ying)(ying)有滑動管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)，且管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)高度(du)(du)應(ying)(ying)大(da)于(yu)(yu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)溫厚度(du)(du)。當管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子不保(bao)(bao)(bao)溫時(shi)(shi)，應(ying)(ying)將(jiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)去掉并代之(zhi)以(yi)厚度(du)(du)為4mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鋼板，以(yi)防(fang)止管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子發(fa)生位移(yi)(yi)時(shi)(shi)，支架劃(hua)傷管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子。無論保(bao)(bao)(bao)溫與否，都應(ying)(ying)控制支架內壁與管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)或(huo)鋼板之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)有不大(da)于(yu)(yu)3mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)間(jian)(jian)隙。
上述(shu)形(xing)式均適(shi)用于(yu)設備(bei)不允許現場焊接(jie)的情況。當(dang)設備(bei)允許現場焊接(jie)時(shi)(shi)，可將生根部件(jian)換成貼(tie)合(he)鋼墊(dian)板，而中(zhong)間支(zhi)承件(jian)直(zhi)接(jie)焊在貼(tie)合(he)鋼墊(dian)板上即可，這樣處理(li)的結果可以簡化支(zhi)架(jia)形(xing)式，也便于(yu)減(jian)少(shao)支(zhi)承誤差，同時(shi)(shi)增加了支(zhi)架(jia)的可靠性。
