目前國內軸(zhou)承(cheng)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)的(de)生(sheng)產工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)未發生(sheng)實質性的(de)變(bian)化,常見的(de)軸(zhou)承(cheng)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)生(sheng)產方(fang)法主要有兩種(zhong)(zhong):(1)穿孔+冷(leng)軋(ya)(拔(ba))工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi);(2)穿孔+三輥軋(ya)管(guan)(guan)(或(huo)二輥軋(ya)管(guan)(guan))+定徑(張減機)或(huo)+冷(leng)軋(ya)(拔(ba))工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)。在這(zhe)兩種(zhong)(zhong)工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)中,坯料(liao)采用軋(ya)制(zhi)坯或(huo)連鑄坯,鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(從坯料(liao)到成品)的(de)壓縮比(bi)應大于15。
其中(zhong),以穿孔+冷軋(拔)工(gong)藝生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)的軸承鋼管(guan),多為中(zhong)小直徑精密的軸承管(guan),生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)規(gui)格為Φ(14~120)mm×(2~15)mm,鋼管(guan)材質為GCr15或GCr15SiMn。該生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)工(gong)藝相對簡單,裝備少,流(liu)程短,投資(zi)少,產(chan)(chan)量低。
以穿孔+三(san)輥(gun)(gun)軋(ya)(ya)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(或(huo)二(er)輥(gun)(gun)軋(ya)(ya)管(guan)(guan)(guan))+定徑(張減徑)或(huo)+冷軋(ya)(ya)(拔)工藝生(sheng)產的鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan),是目前國際上主流的生(sheng)產軸承鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的熱軋(ya)(ya)方法(fa),可實現控溫控軋(ya)(ya)。其生(sheng)產規(gui)格為Φ(48~200)mmx(5~30)mmm,多為規(gui)格范圍較寬泛的軸承鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan),鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)材質為具備(bei)不(bu)同淬(cui)透性的高碳(tan)鉻軸承鋼(gang)(gang)。該生(sheng)產工藝復雜,裝(zhuang)備(bei)多,流程長,投資大,但產量高。目前,三(san)輥(gun)(gun)軋(ya)(ya)管(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)被(bei)公認為最適宜的軸承鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)和(he)精密中厚壁鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)生(sheng)產機(ji)組。